Technology can refer to material objects of use to the humanity such as, machines, hardware or utensils. It also encompasses broader themes, including systems, methods of organization, and techniques. This term can be applied either generally or specifically: like construction technology, medical technology and computer technology.

The use of technology by human race began with the conversion of natural resources into simple tools. The pre-historic discovery of the ability to control fire increased the available sources of food and the invention of the wheel helped humans in traveling and controlling their environment. Recent technological developments, including the printing press, the media, the telephone, and the internet have lessened physical barriers to communication and allowed humans to interact on a global scale.

Information technology and computers have attained a vital position in today’s world which is turning to a global village. The field of computers is a vast sea and there are many features and options available to choose from. Internet remains a constant and rapidly growing source of information on a broader spectrum. Now people don’t just use web browsers to gain information but can get any piece of required knowledge from any part of the world by just a few clicks on the web sites. As information is becoming much easier to access, the need of more web sites and knowledgeable sources is on the rise. New trends of web hosting, web publishing and content bloging are taking a more important place in the world of internet.

The term Information Technology was first used in November 1981, modernizing the outdated old phrase “data processing”. IT covers a broad area and is not just the domain of science related professionals but even professionals from arts and aesthetics utilize the splendors of this newly hyped source.

The early general purpose computers were made in such a way that they could easily be reprogrammed to carry out different tasks which involved plugging of switches and rerouting wirings. A number of early software designs comprised of circuits and ensured that the wires didn’t fuse. The necessity for convenience eventually allowed programmers to evolve and build basic punch-card systems. Even then, teams of technicians worked together to determine where holes were to be punched to appropriately determine change of function of the hardware of the computers.

Now software development programmers produce more complex applications by utilizing microprocessors, the cycle of more power full soft-ware and capable hardware with increasing amount of memory storage and processing powers.

Over the past decades, computing has become a model of technology usage that covers various services. These include office productivity applications to process and maintain documents and records, different web portals to view and share images videos and songs, social networking sites to interact with other net users across the globe and even net instant messaging services to communicate in real time. This list simply continues to grow.

Today, information technology forms the crux of modern society and development and at its core stands software development, steering entire operations by individuals or groups of challenging professionals.

IT Certifications are still valuable in areas where there is a lack of talent. If you have the right IT Certifications and some experience, you’ll have an edge on the competition.

It’s widely known that jobs regarding Information Technology (IT) are a popular choice both among college students and people looking to switch careers because of the availability of jobs in this field and the technology hype of today’s age. However, many employers are looking for certain program certifications in the applicant’s resume become looking further for an interview. One such certification is the Microsoft Certified Professional (MCF), which includes six different types of specific certification like technology specialist, professional, IT professional, system administrator, database administrator, and engineer. One who is interested in getting certified for any of them must go through IT training first and then take a vigorous qualification test.

Two of the most popular tests among the six are the Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator (MCSA) and the Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE) tests. Some call them the best known and most useful tests, and various preparations are needed if you’re interested in taking them.Taking the Microsoft certification exams can be a very stressful event because so much is riding on passing the exams. However, there are a lot of ways to prepare for Microsoft Certifications that will help you become knowledgeable and take the exam with confidence. There are MCSE training videos, MCSE braindumps, and MCSE boot camps that are all very helpful in providing information that will help you prepare for certification. Another great way to see if the MCSE bootcamp and other preparations help you out is to simply take some practice tests. When you do you will have a good idea where you stand as far as information you know and what you need to learn. The different training videos, braindumps, and boot camps are all wonderful at preparing you to take your Microsoft Certification exams.

You can find MCSE boot camps  both online and in-person training, and it costs several thousands dollar. Many employers will cover the cost of this class if you stay with the company for a while after you improve yourself. If you want a less structured and less expensive method preparing for the MCSE test, computer training videos are another great way to do it. They usually cost several hundreds dollars for a set of CDs and books and you can watch them whenever you have the time. This way is perfect for anyone who already has a job and cannot afford to take time off that job to train for another career.

The MCSE test itself is split into two types: Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003. Each of the two types requires different tests, and it’s either five or six tests. Usually, the tests consist of multiple choice questions and solution building questions.

Regardless which method of preparing for the MCSE exam you choose either the Microsoft certification boot camp or by videos, both have proven to be successful if the participants pay attention and study hard. It’s important to choose by the amount you can afford to spend, how much free time you have to do it, and which method you generally prefer. After doing the research, pick what the best way is for you and get started!

 

The use of new technology to create a new organism

Introduction

In the recent past, crime has been moving from the normal stealing of goods and is now heading towards obtaining information through technology. The use of computers to undertake sensitive assignments is gaining popularity among modern scientists and researchers. This has been propelled by the invention of high tech softwares which can perform processes which emulate the natural process of creation.

The application

The application for a patent on new technology involving the use of advanced computers to create a new type of organism is acceptable in Law but the activity of creating a new type of organism using the computers is questionable. Casti (1997) posed the question of whether these creations are “curiosities” or have actual biological relevance. This and other concerns have made Governments and leading researchers question the ability of science to match the natural process of creation.

The interaction between the law and modern technology is complex. As technology continues to advance over decades, the laws directed between human and technological relationships should remain neutral (Brenner 2007).Further she asserts that older technologies rely on human implementation while future smart technologies will be automated.

The pace at which technology is advancing needs to be matched equally with changes in our legislations. The Computer misuse Act (1990) only identifies crimes associated with the use of existing computer applications and softwares but is silent on the use of modern technology to genetically modify organisms.However,the process of artificial creation is based on trial and error and in many instances, the original idea turns out to be the side effect of the final product.

The debate on modification of organisms has generated a lot of controversy and mixed reactions from nations. The USA, Australia and New Zealand have all passed legislations prohibiting modification of organisms or use of genetically modified organisms while in Canada and Zambia the laws have not been passed. In many African countries the debate on the modification and or the use of modified organisms is still ongoing with the relevant Governments still un decided on the course to take.

This delay in decision making might give researchers an opportunity to undertake comprehensive research on modification of organisms.Willams (2006) asserted that it is very important to have online social/cultural formations in the genesis and regulation of cyber deviance and crime as the internet is a site of social and cultural production.

Conclusion

This application is both a violation of the law, a deviant act. By seeking to undertake this assignment, the doctor is not only violating the law but also taking advantage of technological advancement to bring to the market products which have questionable production standards.Further, the ability of the organisms to match the natural ones has been challenged by many researchers and Governments.

It is also worth noting that the legality of the application will vary from country to country depending on the laws of the specific land. Therefore, there is an urgent need to review laws regarding modification of organisms across the world in order to keep pace with the ever changing technology.

Reference List

Brenner, S. (2007) Law in an era of smart technology, Oxford: Oxford University Press

Casti, J. (1997) How Simulation is changing the frontiers of science, New York: John

               Wiley & Sons, Inc.

William, M. (2006) Virtually Criminal: Crime, Deviance and regulation Online, London:

               Routledge.

 ENDS/ NZOMO AGGREY KAVALU n.kavalu@gmail.com